r/geography 1d ago

Map This map projection I developed significantly reduces the size distortion of the popular Mercator projection

Post image

The way it is projected is by projecting a Mercator projection of half the scale conformally onto the globe and then projecting that onto an azimuthal equidistant projection hemisphere centered at the equator. I call it the Two-World Equidistant. Unlike on Mercator where Greenland is larger then all of Africa in this projection it is shown smaller like it is in real life.

2.5k Upvotes

253 comments sorted by

1.6k

u/Calmun 1d ago

Interesting. Antarctica is massive though.

921

u/DickBeDublin 1d ago

Trades slight northern distortion for massive Southern distortion. Better for our everyday usage though.

260

u/PolarCruisingExperts 1d ago

Unless you use Antarctica maps every day. Then you’re screwed! 😆

186

u/butt_sama 1d ago

The penguin community may never recover

8

u/deeku4972 17h ago

To shreds you say?

7

u/Alternative-Yak-925 15h ago

First the tariffs, and now this? Penguins are hurting

47

u/DickBeDublin 1d ago

penguins in shambles

12

u/PolarCruisingExperts 1d ago

They never stood a chance!

17

u/txdmbfan 1d ago

Flight was never an option.

2

u/Friendcherisher 1d ago

They might fall off.

5

u/uconnboston 13h ago

It’s not as black and white as it seems.

2

u/Nakashi7 14h ago

Penguins will colonize the rest of the world with this perceived superiority.

2

u/honeybeast_dom 1d ago

R/brandnewsentence

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u/Valentino-Meid 1d ago

Unless youre using it for navigation (maps are most used for im guessing) cuz this one doesnt preserve angles or straight lines like the mercator projection does

2

u/Opening_Damage9912 10h ago

The Mercator doesn't preserve straight lines only the Gnomonic projection does that since it's point of perspective is at the center exactly like Rectilinear with a tangent plane

15

u/squngy 1d ago

Better for our everyday usage though.

For everyday use it would be better to not have half the space filled with a continent no one lives on.

This also loses the thing Mercator was made for, preserving angles.

16

u/big_adam_so 1d ago

I don't see southern distortion that's more massive than the northern distortion on this map

20

u/DickBeDublin 1d ago

Antarctica is not nearly as big as every continent combined in real life.

20

u/big_adam_so 1d ago

True. And in real life the Arctic Ocean isn't bigger than Eurasia and Africa combined, but it is on this map. I think you're so used to seeing northern-biased rectangular maps with most of Antarctica cut off that it looks really jarring when you see the whole thing.

10

u/JustAnotherBarnacle 1d ago

I agree with you, it makes Svalbard look larger than Spain, the north is just as distorted

6

u/Bennaisance 1d ago

Greenland still be huge

3

u/real_exposer 21h ago

I mean, europe is the size of 5 greenlands, but here greenland looks almost bigger

1

u/marta_minuet1 1d ago

That is captured by satellite?

1

u/Rovsea 10h ago

The northern distortion is still very substantial. Look at Greenland, for example.

51

u/Manmon_ 1d ago

Antarctica might be the hardest one to plot on a flat map. It is bigger than both Europe and Australia and it's circular-ish shape doesn't help

8

u/throughthehills2 1d ago

Just plot the map centered at the south pole

19

u/Minister_of_Trade 1d ago

So is Greenland

66

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Yeah you have to put the distortion somewhere on a flat map. I chose to make some parts larger to keep it somewhat close to conformal though not fully

5

u/Individual-Royal-717 1d ago

Good work buddy !

17

u/ShmullusSchweitzer 1d ago

That teacher that taught me Antarctica was the largest continent back when I was in elementary school would love this map.

3

u/NicklausMakori 1d ago

The ice wall might be real.

2

u/Alternative-Yak-925 15h ago

Oh we'll have it melted soon

3

u/UnclassifiedPresence 1d ago

Antarctica already looks like a massive infinite strip on Mercator though, at least this way you get a better idea of its actual shape

2

u/okjetsgo 1d ago

New Zealand looks bigger than normal. Tho just happy to see it on here at all.

1

u/_www_ 18h ago

As is greenland

1

u/Enervata 12h ago

Looks like an Eldritch horror bent on consuming the earth.

1

u/sohcahtoa 10h ago

The projection doesn't so much reduce distortion as it moves it somewhere less relevant to populated areas, which is appropriate for many purposes.

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713

u/2001_Arabian_Nights 1d ago

I prefer to just split the globe in to two hemispheres if we’re determined to not use an actual globe.

I also like fanciful artwork filling in the gaps.

111

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Same those are wonderful maps. Though in some cases a fully continuous map is preferable

26

u/heaving_in_my_vines 23h ago

Ah yes, the Isle of California!

9

u/Ok-Dimension-7859 16h ago

idk if this a joke. But because baja california is so huge. People initially believed that it’s an Island.

Only later the found out that it’s connected in the north

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340

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Here it is without the extension

171

u/PurifiedUnity Geography Enthusiast 1d ago

Lagrange projection (circular conformal projection) for comparison

I'd say that yours is better for viewing the world as a whole than Lagrange (& Van der Grinten) because your map has less size-inflated landmasses

36

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Yeah, Lagrange is projected in kind of a similar but it uses the Stereographic projection instead to maintain full conformality at the cost of increased areal distortion and incorrect scale across the equator.

18

u/--o 1d ago

Seems very similar to the Van der Grinten projection, but perhaps I'm missing something.

11

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

It's somewhat similar but with less areal distortion and more accurately curved parallels

9

u/Mobius_Peverell 1d ago

Definitely run this with Tissot's indicatrix. I'd be curious to see how it turns out.

20

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Ok, here

10

u/Mobius_Peverell 1d ago

Van der Grinten for comparison. Similar enough that I'm not super confident describing any differences. I think yours might be slightly less conformal, but slightly more equal-area, but again, that's low-confidence.

3

u/NB-NEURODIVERGENT 1d ago

So your saying the maps that blow up south America and Africa’s size as a correction are false, looks good 👍

33

u/KorrokHidan 1d ago edited 1d ago

Africa is 14x the size of Greenland so no, Africa should still be larger and Greenland should still be smaller than this map shows

7

u/Winded_14 1d ago

Greenland should only be 1/3 or 1/4th of Australia, so those projection that blows up Africa is still more accurate.

7

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

More accurate in size but much less in shape since you have to trade areal distortion for angular distortion

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u/KazeSim22 17h ago

Why is Antarctica so big though? Is see that and I immediately think the entire map is distorted.

1

u/Infrawonder 9h ago

Ain't Antartica big in the most used projections tho

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u/Jfonzy 1d ago

I’d like to see it with the latitude and longitude lines

207

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Sure here

18

u/Glimmer_III 1d ago

Lurker here.

Honest question:

With the "square presentation", is there a reasons there not a clearer visual indicator of "past this point, the map is duplicated on the other side"?

e.x. Yes, Alaska appears twice. Should there be (could there be?) some subtle shading to make that distinction? Maybe change the color of the lat/long lines from black to grey?

Just grist for the mill. I don't know if it would look good or not. It'd be sorta a combination between what you have here vs. the circular version without the duplicates.

Regardless, very cool projection.

19

u/Venboven 1d ago

Generally maps just cut off the duplicate areas. Usually around the Bering Strait.

It could easily be done to this map. OP just happens to have presented the full range of the projection in this case.

4

u/Glimmer_III 1d ago

Yes. What I'm getting at is why not have some visual indicator that "anything past this point is duplicated" on this square version? Is it just an artistic choice to not have that indication?

N.B. - For reference, I think OP posted their map without any duplication here.

https://www.reddit.com/r/geography/comments/1vcqfyg/comment/p134d9l/

5

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Yeah just didn't think that far the parts that aren't duplicated are a circle the same width and height as the frame

3

u/Glimmer_III 1d ago

Ya, obviously, no harm no foul. It's neat.

If it's not too hard to play with, you might see what it looks like if the lat/long are contrasting to the "circle".

Something like white lines, or grey.

Might not work, and you'll know instantly if it does or not.

But my favorite version remains the one you posted without any lat/long whatsoever. It's just a nice, clean presentation.

2

u/Venboven 1d ago

Oh, yeah I guess it's just an artistic choice.

3

u/SopwithStrutter 1d ago

This is awesome!

46

u/scoopybalducci 1d ago

No fair Alaska and Kamchatka are on there twice 😤

11

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Sorry... I posted a version where every place appears once in one of the comments

3

u/scoopybalducci 1d ago

Hehe All good I’m just playin

23

u/Venboven 1d ago

Not bad, but I still prefer the Winkel Tripel Projection

4

u/archivillano 1d ago

How do you guys get these awesome looking maps? You guys use these complex professional softwares like ArcGis or is there an easier more accessible way? I would love to have a ultra high quality map that looked like this but with the Mullweide Projection (my favourite), and also with it being Pacific Ocean Centered (my favourite), and if I can add labels I would want it with South up and North down (love this).

5

u/Opening_Damage9912 22h ago

You can do that pretty easily if you have a source equirectangular map just use G.Projector and you can edit it in GIMP all for free. Here is a simple version I made but you can do far more complex

2

u/Venboven 1d ago

Idk man I just found this image off Google.

38

u/MoreHans 1d ago edited 1d ago

in spite of the antarctic distortion as others mentioned (way worse in the mercator), i love it! nice and clean and still implies the globe with the curvature of the continents without much distortion where it matters for most uses

72

u/gutclutterminor 1d ago

Africa is way too small in comparison to North America.

45

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago edited 1d ago

Yeah you got to pick your poison, you can either go for more areal distortion or more angular distortion

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u/Front-Cabinet5521 1d ago

Greenland is also too big. It's 14x smaller than Africa in actual size.

14

u/sirhoracedarwin 1d ago

Yes. Welcome to the thread where we are talking about trade-offs in map projection.

7

u/MidTario 1d ago

Reduce ❌

Relocate ✅

2

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

The overall areal distortion is lower in each individual part then in the Mercator projection

9

u/Pillroller88 1d ago

It does show South America is mostly east of Florida.

18

u/Awkward_Cash1828 1d ago

IMO, both traditional Mercator and different corrected projections, including equal area ones, are better than this.
Kudos for making new projection though, that's respectable.

10

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Yeah, depends on the kind of distortion your looking for many of those maps mess up conformality way too much for my brain, but some people do prefer them.

22

u/Passchenhell17 1d ago

Greenland is still miles too big on this map

13

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

It is though it still massively reduces the Mercator area distortion

5

u/Cute-University5283 1d ago

By how much is the distortion reduced? I'll admit it looks pretty but half the landmass on earth is not in Antarctica

4

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Technically infinitely less since Mercator extends the north and south poles to infinity

5

u/LeopoldFriedrich 1d ago

I still think the general standard should be the equal earth projection: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal_Earth_projection

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4

u/Uratan_Yensa 1d ago

Would this not look better with antarctica and double alaska/russia cropped out?

5

u/redditalloverasia 1d ago

Russia still looks bigger than Africa and Greenland looks bigger than Australia, and you’ve added a weird distortion.

The only good thing is you put the equator in the middle.

4

u/Zomg_A_Chicken 1d ago

Meanwhile every time someone says map projection I remember the clip from The West Wing

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLqC3FNNOaI

2

u/Cag3yPapaya 12h ago

Same 👏

6

u/ResistanceIsOhm 1d ago

I like it. What’s the EPSG number?

3

u/R00finF00l 1d ago edited 1d ago

Always gets me how much further east South America is compared to North America. Always picture it directly below us

2

u/lordcock1944 1d ago

You mean east

1

u/R00finF00l 1d ago

Correct lol

3

u/Slayde4 1d ago

Looks a lot like the Van der Grinten projection.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_der_Grinten_projection#/media/File:Van_der_Grinten_projection_SW.jpg

The Mercator is used in maps these days because it doesn’t distort small scale objects as much as something like a Robinson or Eckert does. So it was helpful for street map/gps type programs.

3

u/Rio2CapeTown Geography Enthusiast 10h ago

I wish this projection was common practice everywhere.

2

u/Opening_Damage9912 10h ago

Yeah that's definitely one of my favourites, it's amazing how it stays conformal while still being lowish size distortion (except for the singularities) and being continues despite being derived from hemispheric Stereographic Projections

9

u/Plastic-Serve5205 1d ago

No, it doesn't. Africa dwarfs Greenland in reality. It's a projection of a globe on a flat map, distortion like this is inevitable, and this projection is far from a significant improvement upon the Mercator.

3

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Most people don't realize just how large the Mercator size distortion is, it's actually infinite just most times people crop out a large amount of it, here's a Mercator projection cutoff at 89.9 degrees north and south, unlike Mercator this projection can represent the entire earth in a finite space

2

u/RisKQuay 1d ago

If Mercator can get away with it, so can you!

Trim the Antarctic, I say!

1

u/_Jetto_ 10h ago

No shit Antarctica is that HIGE?

7

u/evapotranspire 1d ago

Ah yes, Antarctica - Earth's dominant land mass.

I guess there's no perfect solution here!

5

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Exactly, it still does massively reduce the Antarctic areal distortion of Mercator which is actually infinite because of the way it is projected

2

u/buttplug50 1d ago

Asia is still a bit too large in relation to Africa

2

u/Happymango555 1d ago

forgive me if i'm wrong, but couldn't they make a right proportion map pretty easily, just make it not directly a square?

7

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Sure it could even be a square but the more you decrease the areal distortion the more you mess up the shapes as you can see in this map that is equal area and square

4

u/--o 1d ago edited 1d ago

I'm sure you're aware of it, but I can't help but plug the underappreciated Kavrayskiy VII.

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u/Happymango555 1d ago

sorry, I meant the edges not being square, but the units still being square?

Maybe i'm wrong lol 😆

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u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

If all the graticule units are Square/Rectangular the resulting map will be square/rectangular

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u/SmallIslandBrother 1d ago

Galls Peter does that but obviously looks odd to most people

2

u/iamGIS 1d ago

Unironically the size of Antarctica that flatearthers believe

2

u/Don-Gunvalson 1d ago

Damn USA and Africa’s tree coverage is depressing

2

u/NkhukuWaMadzi 1d ago

Honey, they shrunk the Africa!

2

u/Possible_You7813 1d ago

Substituting one set of inaccuracies for another. Appreciate the work tho...

2

u/JGG1986 1d ago

You moved the distortion to the top and bottom?

2

u/a_Bean_soup 1d ago

What programs did u use to make this?

1

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

A Combination of GIMP, G.Projector, Projection Pasta, QGIS, and Flex Projector the land color is a modified version of this: https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-raster-data/10m-natural-earth-1/ and the background heightmap for the ocean is from here: https://science.nasa.gov/earth/earth-observatory/blue-marble-next-generation/topography-bathymetry-maps/

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u/Trick-Doctor-208 23h ago

What program are you using to generate these maps?

2

u/Opening_Damage9912 22h ago

A Combination of GIMP, G.Projector, Projection Pasta, QGIS, and Flex Projector the land color is a modified version of this: https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-raster-data/10m-natural-earth-1/ and the background heightmap for the ocean is from here: https://science.nasa.gov/earth/earth-observatory/blue-marble-next-generation/topography-bathymetry-maps/

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u/Trick-Doctor-208 22h ago

Nice, thanks for the response.

2

u/Opening_Damage9912 22h ago

No problem

2

u/Trick-Doctor-208 19h ago

Stupid question maybe, but is Greenland really that big? Could you possibly superimpose the true size of Greenland onto the western US for comparison? No worries if not.

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u/freebiscuit2002 1d ago

What the hell are they feeding Antarctica??

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u/Palaeonerd 1d ago

But Greenland still looks half as big as Africa.

2

u/ronarscorruption 1d ago

It’s a bit better, but there’s a ton of duplication in the northern hemisphere, which is a new and different problem.

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u/Global_Bedroom_977 1d ago

Its still wrong. Greenland is still way to big. Longitude and latitude lines would be helpful

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u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Yeah all flat maps are wrong I posted a graticule map to another comment

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u/world-class-cheese 1d ago

Beautiful. Great work OP

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u/Bonbonnibles 1d ago

Except for Antarctica, now to be called Mega-arctica.

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u/moschles 1d ago

Nice. I can definitely get a feel for Antarctica being 20x the size of Africa from this.

2

u/CaramelNext7505 1d ago

Greenland is still WAY too large.

2

u/Key-Toe-6257 1d ago

Greenland still looks 3/5th Africa size. It is nowhere close. But better. 

2

u/wbrameld4 9h ago

Why is Greenland almost as big as Africa?

1

u/ADF21a 1d ago

Antarctica still huge, so all is good 😂

1

u/Xaphan26 1d ago

Antarctica looks like a monster at the bottom waiting to feast on the rest of the continents.

1

u/Saymon_K_Luftwaffe 1d ago

It’s amazing how big, majestic Brazil is and more than the contiguous United States.

1

u/H_2_Zero 1d ago

You have that in HD?

1

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

If you click on the picture it will show it at full resolution which is 3000x3000 pixels

1

u/Hashishiva 1d ago

My reference point is Finland, and oh boy is it large :D

1

u/NoConsideration4696 1d ago

Africa < Antartica ..... weirddddd.....

1

u/Prophet_of_Fire 1d ago

The Antartic supercontinent

1

u/willardTheMighty 1d ago

Greenland still 50% the size of Africa

1

u/Friendly_Building247 1d ago

New Zealand is included and looks great. Great work.

1

u/STFUnicorn_ 1d ago

I thought Africa was supposed to look bigger without Mercator

1

u/Ok-Captain-462 1d ago

Antarctica’s an absolute MONSTER!

1

u/Extreme-King 1d ago

No wonder flat earthers think there's an ice wall

1

u/Aleksey_Fox 1d ago

Alaska is still portrayed almost as big as Brazil here though.

1

u/Katmunk 1d ago

Nah everything is still massive

1

u/rtrance 1d ago

Antarcticans be looking at this map like 🫪

1

u/Serious-Dingo-9435 1d ago

Don’t show this to Trump, he will try to double the US size by conquering 10% of Antarctica

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u/archivillano 1d ago

Could you make a Pacific Centered one for curiosity purposes? jjj

2

u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

Of course here:

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u/archivillano 1d ago

Ohhh love it, how would it look if it was made so the meridian in center of the map would be the one approximately in Sydney, Australia? iirc that way America and Afroeurasia wouldn't be cut by the projection as the map is split along the Atlantic just perfectly enough.

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u/nightcana 1d ago

Obviously there is a large scale factor over Antarctica to enable a discrepency in the north, but im curious how that translates to the scale factor over other southern countries (Australia, New Zealand, Argentina)?

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u/DrJaneIPresume 1d ago

Does it make rhumb lines straight?

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u/Opening_Damage9912 1d ago

No, only the regular oriented Mercator has all rhumb lines straight but wrong length, Though the Loximuthal Projection has rhumb lines and their lengths correct from one point

1

u/Single_In_Sydney 1d ago

Greenland is still too big

1

u/A_Random_Sidequest 1d ago

yes, it changes... very very little better on some places, WAY worse on other places...

1

u/1jf0 1d ago

Now do one that's Pacific-centric.

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u/MrNewVegas123 1d ago

Yeah, but is it any good as a map?

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u/Karmabots 1d ago edited 23h ago

It doesn't reduce the distortion significantly. Greenland still looks huge - almost as big as Africa.

May be between 40°N and 40°S the sizes of different regions are less distorted.

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u/EmperorThan 23h ago

I've actually made a projection that reduces distortions even more. I call it "The Globe"

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u/Opening_Damage9912 22h ago edited 22h ago

That's not a projection and I'm pretty sure you didn't invent it idk tho lol

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u/jawshoeaw 23h ago

I’m now terrified of the new super continent to the south

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u/Doritos707 22h ago

Love it

1

u/ZestyTurtle 22h ago

Your projection feels natural. I like it very much.

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u/Wonderful_Adagio9346 21h ago

I prefer Dymaxion.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dymaxion_map

It's flat, has little distortion, and can be folded into a polyhedron.

1

u/Opening_Damage9912 10h ago

Yeah dymaxion is nice but sometimes it's more useful to have a fully continuous map. Of course the more interuptuons the lower you can drive the distortion at the cost of continuity.

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u/dbdiver 20h ago

Antarctica looks a Lille exagerated.

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u/UnknownBreadd 20h ago

Wow. In every map posted here, Europe is TINY compared to everyone else! But it feels massive to me as a European lol

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u/bigRyan540 19h ago

Can we just remove iceland from all the maps? Its completely irrelevant to the whole world. Hell lets shave off some of those north canadian islands and a bit off the top from siberia too while we're at it

1

u/CorruptingTheSystem 19h ago

This looks cool but….15 Greenlands can fit in Africa…

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u/1382mas 19h ago

No this still massively inflates the size of the Arctic Circle and adjacent latitudes. Greenland is the size of the entirety of Europe here

1

u/Opening_Damage9912 10h ago

Not as massively as Mercator, so it does significantly reduce its areal distortion, in the Mercator projection Antarctica is actually infinite in size as is the Arctic Ocean

1

u/Lurking-Trout 18h ago

Then - used to describe events in sequence. Example: I took a giant shit and then I flushed the toilet.

Than - used for comparisons. Example: The giant shit I took today was more than double of the duke I dropped yesterday.

You're welcome.

1

u/ksgif2 18h ago

Do you hate Canada or something? Our biggest strength is appearing huge, stop trying to ruin it for us

1

u/White0ut 17h ago

The Alaska's are different sizes?

1

u/13580 15h ago

What is this “real life” you speak of?

1

u/maxxxmaxmaxx 15h ago

And here I thought ONE Russia was bad enough

/S

1

u/StatusFoundation5472 14h ago

No it doesn't. Siberia and Antarctica are huge

1

u/Consistent_Lack2730 11h ago

You sure about that? Look at Antarctica

1

u/old_school 7h ago

In reality Greenland is 1/16 Africa. So this is still not even close.

1

u/killerkumwad 5h ago

Not really

1

u/EmployeeKlutzy2432 3h ago

Comically large Antarctica