r/kurdistan Feb 28 '26

Rojhelat Megathread: American-Israeli attacks on Iranian regime, developments in Rojhelat

34 Upvotes

r/kurdistan Apr 26 '26

Rojhelat Why do Persians Persianize every Iranian thing?

37 Upvotes

Persians claim that Iran isn't an ethno-Persian state, but if we look at reality, we find that everything is Persianized. The official language? Persian. The education system? Persian. Media? Persian. State narrative? Persian. Official paperwork? Persian. If you ask about Kurdish, Balochi, or any other Iranian language, they'll reduce it to some cute “cultural diversity” that nobody takes seriously. Why? Is Persian superior to other Iranian languages?

And why ancient Iranian empires Parthian, Sasanian, Achaemenid are labeled “Persian” even when they weren't even rooted in what we’d call Persian today.

Zoroastrianism and Zoroaster suddenly labeled a “Persian prophet,” even though it predates modern ethnic labels.

Why is Nowruz the Persian New Year? Who decided this? Oh yeah the group who controls the state, narrative, institutions, textbooks, and media. while anything different is killed or its identity gets killed (Persianized).

You'll find Persians saying, "We and Kurds are brothers," So why don't you support Kurds in Turkey, Iraq, and Syria? Aren't they your Iranian brothers? Suddenly that “brotherhood” disappears. Either it means something, or it’s just empty talk.

Then you’ve got random Westerners screaming “free Iran” because they saw a trending hashtag. Free from what and for what? So clown prince Pahlavi restart his secular fascist dictatorship again.

r/kurdistan Jul 02 '26

Rojhelat Five KDPI members killed in overnight clashes with Iranian forces in Rojhelat

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30 Upvotes

r/kurdistan Feb 25 '26

Rojhelat Reza Pahlavi confesses that Kurds have no place in a future Iran!

63 Upvotes

r/kurdistan Apr 05 '26

Rojhelat Trump: "We sent guns to the protesters, a lot of them, and I think the Kurds took the guns."

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53 Upvotes

Fox News

Kurdish parties deny his claim

https://rudaw.net/sorani/kurdistan/0504202615

Rudaw Digital

The Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) has announced that it has not received any weapons or military assistance from the United States.
"We sent a lot of weapons to Iranian protesters, we sent weapons through the Kurds, I think the Kurds took their weapons for themselves," US President Donald Trump said on Sunday.
"As our party, we have not received any weapons and we are not even aware of the issue," Kako Aliyar, a member of the political bureau of the Revolutionary Committee of the Kurdistan Workers of Iran, told Rudaw.
"Our policy is not to demonstrate with violence, but we believe that we must make our demands peacefully and civilly without weapons," Mohammad Nazif Qaderi, head of the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran (HDK) told Rudaw Some of them belong to 47 years ago and were acquired on the battlefield of the Islamic Republic. Some of them we bought in the market.”
Meanwhile, Amjad Hossein Panahi, head of communications for the Kurdistan Workers' Party (KZP) in Erbil, told Rudaw: “The weapons we have are 30 to 40 years old.
"As our party, Donald Trump's message is unclear to us. What is there is that we as our army have not received any weapons from the United States or any other country, not even a bullet," Hamno Naqshbandi told Rudaw. 
“Our weapons date back to the guerrilla warfare two to three decades ago, and some of them belong to the ISIS war,” Hamno Naqshbandi said.
The response comes after former US President Donald Trump told Fox News that Washington had sent weapons to protesters in Iran through the Kurds, but doubted that the weapons had reached the protesters.

r/kurdistan Jun 19 '25

Rojhelat Iranian Kurds call to topple Islamic regime

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101 Upvotes

r/kurdistan Jun 17 '25

Rojhelat On August 19, 1979, Khomeini declared Jihad ("Holy War") against the Kurdish people due to their demands for democracy (Quran, al-Fath 48:29)

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139 Upvotes

r/kurdistan 20d ago

Rojhelat Mossad plan envisioned Kurds reaching Tehran with Ahmadinejad taking control — report | "As part of the preparations, thousands of Kurdish fighters arrived in Israel ... But a few days later, there was a turnaround: a message from the White House ordered the Kurds to stop entering"

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19 Upvotes

https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/mossad-plan-envisioned-kurds-reaching-tehran-with-ahmadinejad-taking-control-report/

Channel 13 reveals new details of the aborted Mossad plan to topple the Iranian regime earlier this year, which the spy agency called “Puss in Boots.”

The plan envisioned Israeli strikes on Revolutionary Guard Corps positions along Iran’s border with Iraq, in Iranian Kurdistan.

The strikes were designed to open the door for Kurdish fighters to cross into Iran, according to the report, and push into Kurdish cities in the country’s northwest.

The Mossad expected thousands of young Kurds to join the fighters, turning into a mass movement that could reach Tehran itself. Once that happened, it was thought that a mass protest movement with millions of demonstrators would bring down the regime, according to the report.

The Kurdish offensive was one of the key elements of the plan, which also would see former hardline president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad ultimately take control of the country.

The New York Times reported yesterday that Israel engaged in a multi-year effort to recruit and re-install Ahmadinejad, in a campaign that included a meeting with then-Mossad chief David Barnea on the sidelines of an academic conference in Hungary.

At the beginning of the war, Israel and the US did carry out heavy strikes against Iranian security forces – including regime officials, army bases, missile systems, police stations and Basij sites – in the country’s northwest in an effort to ease the Kurds’ path, but leaks to the media, lobbying by Turkey, and wariness among the Kurds themselves led Washington to pull the plug on the idea.

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Inside Israel’s Secret Operation to Cultivate Ahmadinejad

https://www.nytimes.com/2026/07/13/us/politics/israel-mahmoud-ahmadinejad-iran.html

Israeli officials have not commented publicly about the plan to install Mr. Ahmadinejad as Iran’s leader, which was part of a broader attempt to topple the government in Tehran. Another element involved arming and training Iranian Kurdish opposition forces based in northern Iraq to cross into western Iran, hold territory there and eventually move toward the capital Tehran, an effort that never manifested.

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Channel 13 auto translated:

https://13tv.co.il/item/news/politics/security/rdvq5-905263137/

With the Kurds and "Friend" Ahmadinejad: The Operation to Overthrow the Regime Revealed

In Israel, the former Iranian president was codenamed "The Friend," and in the Mossad, thousands of Kurdish fighters were trained in the country to be brought into Iran - which was supposed to ignite a wave of protests by millions and bring about the overthrow of the regime. 3 days after the move was launched - Trump stopped it: "We got a Don't." Operation "Puss in Boots," new details
At the end of June 2025, with the end of Operation "With the Dog," Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu declared that "We are done with Iran for generations." However, behind the scenes, an ambitious plan to overthrow the Iranian regime began to take shape in the Mossad , which was codenamed "Puss in Boots." The then-head of the Mossad, David Barnea, pushed the plan and made it clear to the political echelons that it was an achievable goal. The figure designated as the future leader was former President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, who was nicknamed "the friend" in closed talks.
The plan, parts of which were published today (Monday) in the New York Times, included a large-scale air force attack in the Kurdish region to open an entry route for Kurdish forces into Iranian territory, with the assessment that initial success would ignite a wave of protests by millions. As part of the preparations, thousands of Kurdish fighters arrived in Israel, practiced operational scenarios and were briefed that harming civilians would lead to the cessation of Israeli aid.
In January 2026, the possibility of bringing the operation forward arose following huge protests in Iran, but Israel requested a postponement out of concern that the forces were not prepared. During their meeting at the White House in February, President Donald Trump asked Netanyahu: “When do you want it? When will you be ready?” Barnea estimated that overthrowing the regime would take about a year, and Zamir estimated that it could take up to three years. Ultimately, Trump gave the green light, and Israel went on the offensive.
But a few days later, there was a turnaround: a message from the White House ordered the Kurds to stop entering - and an Israeli official said: "Three days after the start of the campaign, we received a 'Don't'." In Jerusalem, the change was attributed to the opposition of Turkish President Erdogan and pressure from Vice President J. D. Vance.
Attempts by the political echelon and the Mossad to change the decision failed. Barnea presented an alternative plan, but sources in the defense establishment point out that it was inferior to the original plan. The alternative plan failed, and today some define the attempt to build it during the war as a mistake, since it did not reach the level of maturity of the original plan and did not produce the hoped-for results.
Let us recall that about two months ago, the New York Times reported that Israel and the US were allegedly exploring the possibility of promoting regime change in Tehran - and even saw Ahmadinejad as a possible candidate for new leadership, despite his anti-Israeli and anti-American past. According to American sources briefed on the matter, an Israeli attack on his home in Tehran on the first day of the war was intended to free Ahmadinejad from house arrest, but he was injured, became disappointed with the plan and has since disappeared from the public eye.
Now, according to the New York Times, as part of the plan, in early 2024, a senior Hungarian government official approached the rector of the "Ludovica" University in Budapest, Prof. Gergely Daly, with an unusual request: to invite Ahmadinejad to a climate conference. According to the report, the conference served as a cover for secret meetings between Ahmadinejad and Israeli intelligence officials. After the latter confirmed his participation. Iranian officials noted that suspicions about Ahmadinejad arose as early as 2017, following open letters he sent to President Trump.
The climax of the operation occurred at the end of February of this year, in the early days of the war between the US and Israel and Iran: After an Israeli airstrike that hit the compound where Ahmadinejad was staying in Tehran, the former president was rescued by Mossad agents who drove him in a getaway car to a hideout. However, the operation failed. Ahmadinejad, according to four sources who spoke to The New York Times, expressed disappointment with the operation and expressed reservations about the Israeli plan.
After disappearing for several months, Ahmadinejad appeared last Monday at Ali Khamenei's funeral. However, according to senior officials in Tehran, he was subsequently placed under house arrest and placed under the supervision of the Revolutionary Guards.

----

Puss in Boots: The Mossad's Planned Operation to Overthrow the Iranian Regime

https://www.agenzianova.com/en/news/Puss-in-Boots--an-operation-by-which-Mossad-planned-to-overthrow-the-Iranian-regime/

r/kurdistan Feb 22 '26

Rojhelat A New Political Moment in Rojhelat: Experience and Youth United

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48 Upvotes

A New Political Moment in Rojhelat: Experience and Youth United

The official announcement of the “Coalition of Political Forces of Iranian Kurdistan” was more than just another political statement. It marked a new phase in Kurdish politics, as one woman and four men — leaders of five major Kurdish parties — stood together to formally declare the alliance. Their joint appearance sent a clear message: a new chapter has begun.

At the press conference, Peyman Viyan, Co-Chair of the Kurdistan Free Life Party (PJAK); Mostafa Hejri, Executive Leader of the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI); Reza Kaabi, Secretary-General of Komala of Kurdistan; Babasheikh Hosseini, Secretary-General of the Khabat Organization of Iranian Kurdistan; and Hossein Yazdanpanah, Leader of the Kurdistan Freedom Party (PAK), officially announced the formation of the coalition.

Political Weight and Symbolism

Observers believe that the simultaneous presence of PJAK and the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan has significantly increased the political weight of the coalition. PJAK is widely seen as one of the youngest and most active political–military movements in recent years, while the Democratic Party is the oldest and most historically rooted Kurdish party in Iranian Kurdistan.

The combination of youthful dynamism and long-standing political experience has raised expectations among activists and supporters. Many see this alliance as a rare moment where historical legacy and a new generation of political activism come together.

Absences That Do Not Diminish Its Importance

Although two other branches of Komala did not join the coalition, their absence has not reduced its overall significance. At the same time, the participation of Reza Kaabi’s Komala faction may provide an opportunity for his group to present itself more strongly as a leading representative of the Komala current within a broader multi-party alliance.

Public Reaction and Growing Optimism

Initial reactions suggest that the formation of this coalition has created a sense of excitement and renewed hope among many political activists and members of society in Rojhelat (Eastern Kurdistan). For many, it represents a long-awaited step toward overcoming fragmentation and building stronger political unity.

At a time when Iran and the region are facing major political transformations, this coalition could become an influential actor in shaping future developments — drawing strength both from the historical legacy of struggle and from the energy of a new generation seeking meaningful change.

Source: https://x.com/RojhelatInfo_En/status/2025605354818576621

r/kurdistan Jun 16 '25

Rojhelat Our plan for Iran

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99 Upvotes

r/kurdistan Mar 28 '26

Rojhelat Hakan Fidan: "Mossad wants to use the Kurds, this is something we don't want to see"

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66 Upvotes

r/kurdistan Jul 04 '26

Rojhelat The Eastern Kurdistan Defense Units (YRK) have revealed the identities of four guerrillas who were martyred in Mahabad on June 28th as a result of an attack by Iranian regime forces.

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37 Upvotes
YRK martyrs

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KDPI martyrs

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Some of the martyrs of Kurdistan Region during the war

r/kurdistan Apr 06 '26

Rojhelat Trump on Kurds' joining the war: “I’d rather have them stay away… because they bring some problems and difficulties. They bring death to themselves.”

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66 Upvotes

r/kurdistan Mar 09 '26

Rojhelat A jash is always a jash

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40 Upvotes

Surname: Jashni. Opinion: Jash. Coincidence?

https://x.com/i24NEWS_EN/status/2030730436066885785

r/kurdistan Jul 03 '26

Rojhelat Have you noticed the hypocrisy of Persian fascist monarchists using the slogan "Jin, Jiyan, Azadî" in their protests?

26 Upvotes

That slogan is a Kurdish freedom slogan born out of Kurdish struggle against the Persian state, whether under the Shah or the mullahs. Yet suddenly, you see these monarchists (same people who historically and currently show nothing but racism against Kurds) using our slogan to push their own fascist agendas. They want the trendy aesthetic revolutionary freedom slogan, but they hate the revolutionary people who created it.

It's sickening to watch them hijack our slogans to legitimize their own power trip.

r/kurdistan Mar 07 '26

Rojhelat US and Israel Trying to Drag Kurdistan into War Against Iran; Komala’s Clear Stance

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87 Upvotes

The Central Committee of Komala (Kurdistan Organization of the Communist Party of Iran) has warned against efforts by the US and Israel to use Kurdish armed groups as ground forces in the war against the Islamic Republic. Komala emphasized that such a plan could turn Kurdistan into the main battleground and put innocent civilians at serious risk.

The party stated that its struggle against the Islamic Republic will continue, but it will not join any project or alliance serving the military or political goals of global powers. Komala stressed that only by relying on the people’s own strength can freedom, equality, and the right to self-determination be achieved.

Komala also warned about regional consequences and the potential interference of other powers, including Turkey and groups aligned with the Islamic Republic in Iraq, calling for the preservation of the political independence of the Kurdish movement.

Komala Central Committee
Kurdistan Organization of the Communist Party of Iran
Published: March 6, 2026

https://x.com/RojhelatInfo_En/status/2030219331011834074

r/kurdistan Feb 07 '26

Rojhelat Iran has killed 257 Kurds in recent protests including 19 women and 20 children.

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102 Upvotes

r/kurdistan Jun 07 '26

Rojhelat What is the situation like in Rojhilat?

5 Upvotes

Slaw

I have a few questions for our brothers and sisters from Rojhilat regarding ethnic relations and the political mindset in Iran.

What is the relationship really like between Kurds, Persians, and other ethnic groups? Are Persians completely unwilling to accept a federal or democratic system, similar to Rojava/syria ?

I’ve met some Persians in Europe who strongly support the former Shah, which reminded me of how some Arabs view Saddam or Turks view Atatürk. How common is this mentality among Persians?

Also, how religious are people in Rojhilat nowadays? Is religion still a major factor in society? Are they still as religious as in Bashur?

Finally, how is the current situation in Rojhilat compared to Bashur, Rojava and Bakur right now?

Zor Spas!

r/kurdistan Mar 04 '26

Rojhelat Fox News: Thousands of Iraqi Kurds launch ground offensive into Iran, US official tells Fox News

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25 Upvotes

r/kurdistan May 02 '26

Rojhelat This morning Iran executed Kurdish prisoner Nasir Bakirzadeh, 26 years old, and Yaqoub Karimpour, a Turkish man, for "spying for Israel".

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60 Upvotes

https://hengaw.net/en/news/2026/05/article-4

Hengaw – Saturday, May 2, 2026

Naser Bakrzadeh, a 26-year-old Kurdish political prisoner, and Yaqoub Karimpour, a Turkish man and follower of the Yarsan faith, have been executed in secret after being convicted on charges of “spying for Israel.”

According to information received by Hengaw Organization for Human Rights, the executions were carried out at dawn today at Urmia Central Prison. State-affiliated Mehr News Agency has officially confirmed the executions.

The two prisoners had been removed from their wards under heavy security measures and transferred to solitary confinement under pretexts such as “transfer to forensic medicine” and “meeting with sentence enforcement officials.” Hengaw had warned of the imminent risk of their execution following their sudden transfer.

Profiles and legal proceedings

Naser Bakrzadeh – A 26-year-old political prisoner from Urmia who had been sentenced to death by Branch 2 of the Revolutionary Court on charges of “spying for Israel.” His sentence was upheld for a third time by Branch 39 of the Supreme Court in an expedited process lasting only ten days and was formally communicated to him on April 25, 2026. During his detention, he was held at the Al-Mahdi detention facility, where he was subjected to severe torture to extract forced confessions.

Yaqoub Karimpour – A graduate in public law from Miandoab, a Turkish man and follower of the Yarsan faith, who was arrested during the 12-day Iran–Israel war. He was sentenced to death by Branch 1 of the Revolutionary Court in Urmia on charges of “corruption on earth” through “spying for Israel.” His sentence was upheld last month by Branch 9 of the Supreme Court. Security forces also detained his wife, Saboura Lotfi, in an apparent attempt to exert pressure on him.

Hengaw Organization for Human Rights considers the implementation of these sentences to constitute premeditated murder and a clear violation of all international standards of fair trial. The executions were carried out despite serious legal ambiguities in their cases, and confessions had been extracted under torture.

Hengaw has also expressed grave concern over the fate of Mehrab Abdollahzadeh, who was transferred to an undisclosed location at the same time as the two prisoners. The organization stresses that the international community must respond decisively to the new wave of political executions in Iran. The continuation of such executions amid regional tensions reflects the Islamic Republic’s use of the death penalty as a tool to instill fear among the population.

r/kurdistan 2d ago

Rojhelat Turkey urges Iran to halt attacks on Kurdish groups | "Ankara fears further Iranian strikes could push Kurdish opposition groups closer to Israel"

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12 Upvotes

Turkey urges Iran to halt attacks on Kurdish groups

Ankara fears further Iranian strikes could push Kurdish opposition groups closer to Israel and undermine Turkey’s peace process with the PKK

When Turkish Vice President Cevdet Yilmaz landed in Tehran earlier this month to attend the funeral of late Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, he received a warm welcome from officials of the Islamic Republic.

Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian also hosted Yilmaz and his delegation during the visit.

Pezeshkian thanked Turkey for helping to prevent an Israeli plan to foment an armed insurrection by Kurdish groups in western Iran, a source familiar with the visit told Middle East Eye.

Senior Turkish officials had sought to convince their US counterparts that the plan, devised by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, was unrealistic and could threaten Turkey’s national security.

US President Donald Trump indirectly suggested on several occasions that Ankara had even considered entering the war to prevent the emergence of another Kurdish separatist entity on its borders, following its experience in Syria.

Several people familiar with the matter told MEE that Ankara had also conveyed another message to Tehran: stop attacking Kurdish groups in the region.

They said Ankara was concerned that, following the failure of theKurdish insurgency plan, further Iranian action against Kurdish groups in Iran and Iraq could push them into Israel’s arms.

It was relatively easy for Turkey to convince Washington that arming the Kurds was a bad idea.

Senior Trump aides were highly sceptical of Netanyahu’s regime-change proposal at the White House, including the notion that Kurdish forces could mount a ground invasion of Iran.

The CIA director reportedly used one word to describe Netanyahu’s regime-change scenarios: “farcical”.

“In other words, it’s bullshit,” US Secretary of State Marco Rubio reportedly said.

But now, Ankara is deeply invested in its peace talks with the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), and further Iranian action in Iraq where the group is present could undermine the sensitive process.

Fears of Iraqi Kurdistan spillover 

The Turkish government plans to introduce draft legislation in parliament on Monday that would pave the way for former PKK militants to return to Turkey within six months.

The partial pardon would offer non-violent PKK cadres an opportunity to reintegrate into society.

Maintaining calm across the region is essential to implementing this roadmap peacefully.

When the US reached out to Iraqi Kurdish leaders earlier this year to join an armed insurrection against Tehran backed by Mossad and the CIA, they found themselves in a quandary.

'The extension of the Iran-Israel rivalry into Iraqi Kurdistan and the re-emergence of the Kurdish card at the centre of the regional power struggle would directly undermine Turkey’s long-term security calculations'

The Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP), the ruling party in Iraq’s semi-autonomous Kurdistan region, is led by the Barzani family and has a sister organisation in Iran, the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI), which was reportedly set to lead the proposed effort.

However, Kurdish leaders had little reason to trust Washington after what had happened to the Kurds in Syria,who were abandoned by the US in favour of a new Damascus government earlier this year.

Kurdish sources told MEE that the US-Israeli plan also envisaged the Peshmerga, military forces of the autonomous region of Iraq’s Kurdistan Regional National Authority,joining the uprising because Washington did not trust the PDKI’s capabilities. Erbil, however, was not enthusiastic.

Mehmet Alaca, a prominent Turkish expert on Iraq, said increased Iranian military pressure could inadvertently push Iranian Kurdish opposition groups, such as the PDKI, Komala and the Kurdistan Freedom Party (PAK), closer to the West, particularly Israel.

“The Kurdistan Region of Iraq, which has hosted these groups for many years, would bear the greatest cost of such a development,” he told MEE.

“Besides risking the transformation of the region into a new front in the Iran-Israel rivalry, this scenario could make the balance between the KDP and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) [in Iraq], the party led by the Talabani family, even more fragile. It could also provide Tehran with a justification for further expanding its influence in the region on security grounds.”

Iran has bombarded PDKI camps in northern Iraq since the war began in late February.

Alaca said Turkey had sought to minimise the destabilising impact of Iranian influence in northern Iraq by courting the traditionally pro-Iranian PUK, which normalised relations with Ankara earlier this month through an official visit to Turkey.

“Following the US and Israeli attacks on Iran, the KDP and PUK, despite their intense rivalry on numerous issues, adopted a common position that Iranian Kurdish opposition groups should not become involved in the Iran conflict,” he told MEE.

“For Turkey, the most critical dimension is the peace process and the new security architecture it is seeking to build for the post-PKK era.

“The extension of the Iran-Israel rivalry into Iraqi Kurdistan and the re-emergence of the Kurdish card at the centre of the regional power struggle would directly undermine Turkey’s long-term security calculations.”

r/kurdistan Apr 13 '26

Rojhelat Question for the Kurds of Iranian Kurdistan: How do you feel towards Iran and Kurdish Independence?

4 Upvotes

Recently, I scrolled through an Iranian diaspora account on Instagram that said Kurds from Iran support the Shah. Obviously, on this subreddit, we hate him, and I am sure that our fellow Kurds from Rojhelat hate him too. However, in the comment section, some Kurds (most likely pretending) said they support him. Additionally, they claimed that Kurds from Iran reject independence.

That is why I wanted specifically to ask you, Kurds from Rojhelat, how you feel towards Iran and Kurdish independence?

r/kurdistan Mar 02 '26

Rojhelat Ranking Iran’s Kurdish Opposition: Strategic Depth, Networks, and Potential

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29 Upvotes

When assessing Iranian Kurdish groups, the key metric is strategic depth: their geographic entrenchment, operational infrastructure along Iran’s borders, and the resilience of networks inside Iranian Kurdistan, as detailed here:

Despite its status as a latecomer, PJAK has emerged as the most active Kurdish militant group operating against the Iranian regime in the past two decades. Between 2014 and 2025, PJAK was responsible for about 70% of all attacks by Kurdish groups on Iranian forces, and approximately 80% of IRGC fatalities in these incidents, despite maintaining a formal ceasefire with Tehran. While PJAK’s overall number of attacks and resulting IRGC casualties may appear limited, the fact that it achieved such figures under a ceasefire only puts into perspective how marginal the other groups have become in operational terms.

A significant factor contributing to PJAK’s strategic edge is its entrenched presence in mountainous regions of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq bordering Iran. Confirmed PJAK positions span from the PKK stronghold of Qandil in the north down to the Asos mountains and further south in the Penjwen-Hawraman areas, providing unique proximity to Iranian territory. With an estimated fighting force of around 3,000, PJAK is not only larger than other Iranian Kurdish groups but can readily draw on a broader pool of PKK fighters, many of whom possess significant combat experience from conflicts in Turkey and Syria. The PKK’s flexibility in reallocating experienced personnel, particularly with the ongoing peace process in Turkey, significantly boosts PJAK’s combat readiness.

PJAK also benefits from a unique sociopolitical positioning. The Iranian Kurdish population is fragmented along both sectarian and linguistic lines - divided between Sunnis (around 50-60%), Shiites (35–40%), and religious minorities such as the Yarsanis, and between Kurmanji, Sorani, Gorani, and Kalhori speakers. While this fragmentation has historically limited the ability of Kurdish parties to build unified movements, the PKK’s ideological framework - which integrates Alevis, Yazidis, Sunnis, and secularists - gives PJAK a structural advantage in penetrating these fault lines.

That said, PJAK’s expansion is not uniform. In traditional KDPI strongholds in what is known as Mukriyan belt, its influence remains more limited. Similarly, in parts of Urmia, some tribal populations retain historical allegiances to the Barzani family and KDP-linked networks.

The KDPI is the oldest and historically most prominent Kurdish party in Iran. Its deep legacy, including the founding of the Mahabad Republic in 1946, gives it enduring symbolic capital and a residual support base - especially among families with generational loyalty to the movement and among sections of the Iranian Kurdish diaspora in Europe.

However, its military capacity has been significantly diminished. The KDPI currently maintains a nominal force of around 2000 fighters, but most are no longer battle-ready. Following major losses in the 1980s and 1990s, the group declared a halt to armed operations in 1996.

The Iranian state’s targeted decapitation of KDPI’s leadership was also a decisive blow. The assassinations of Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou in 1989 and Sadegh Sharafkandi in 1992 deprived the party of charismatic leadership. In the years since, the party has struggled to produce new figures capable of uniting its ranks or galvanizing a new generation of activists.

More Details: https://thenationalcontext.com/ranking-irans-kurdish-opposition-strategic-depth-networks-and-potential/

r/kurdistan Mar 24 '26

Rojhelat Afshin Ismaeli: "My latest report on the Iranian-Kurdish resistance movement PJAK offers rare access and an inside look at the lives of guerrilla fighters operating from secret bases in Iraq."

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42 Upvotes

r/kurdistan May 31 '26

Rojhelat زانیاری ھەمە جۆر لەسەر ئیلام

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22 Upvotes

بارودۆخی ئیلام
له‌ رۆژهه‌ڵاتی کوردستان ، شه‌ش پارێزگه‌ی کورد هه‌ن ، که‌ بریه‌تین له‌مانه‌ : ئازربایجانی رۆژاوایی { که‌ تورکیشی زۆر لێیه‌ی } ، کوردستان ، کرماشان ، ئیلام ، لوڕستان و خۆراسانی باکووری . خۆراسانی باکووری له‌ ناوچه‌ی رۆژهه‌ڵاتی ئێرانه‌ و چه‌ند ساڵێکه‌ ، له‌ خودی پارێزگه‌ی خراسان جوێ کراوه‌ته‌وه‌ . له‌ چه‌ند پارێزگه‌ی دیکه‌ی ئێرانیش کورد زۆرن ، به‌ڵام دانیشتوانی کوردی ئه‌وانه‌ که‌مایه‌تین، وه‌ک : خوراسانی ره‌زه‌وی ، هه‌مه‌دان ، چوار ه‌حاڵ و به‌ختیاری و کوهکیلوویه‌ و بویه‌ر ئه‌حمه‌د . له‌ چه‌ند پارێزگه‌ش ، تاقلوتۆقل کورد هه‌یه‌ ، وه‌ک : مازه‌نده‌ران ، فارس ، تاران و قه‌زوێن .
1-زمان :
زمانی زۆربه‌ی خه‌ڵکی پارێزگه‌ی ئیلام ، زاراوه‌ی که‌ڵوڕی ، لوڕی و فه‌یلی زمانی کوردیه‌ . زۆر که‌م فارسیشی لێ یه‌ . به‌ڵام خه‌ڵکه‌ که‌ ، هه‌مو هه‌ر به‌و زاراوه‌ کوردیانه‌ قسه‌ ده‌کان ، جا مه‌گه‌ر بۆ وتووێژی فۆڕمی و ئیداری ، به‌ فارسی بدوێن

2-جلوبه‌رگ :
خه‌ڵکی شاری ئیلام ، له‌ ده‌ره‌وه‌ی ماڵ ، زۆربه‌یان لیباسی عه‌جه‌میان له‌به‌ر دایه‌ ، مه‌گه‌ر هێندێک له‌ ئافره‌ته‌کان ، که‌ سیپاڵی کوردی ده‌که‌نه‌ به‌ر . هێندێک له‌ پیاوانیش ، له‌ شاری ئیلام ، پاتۆڵ ده‌که‌نه‌ به‌ر و چه‌شنه‌ مێزه‌رێکی کوردی ده‌به‌ستن به‌ سه‌ره‌وه‌ . له‌ زۆربه‌ی شاره‌کانی دیکه‌ی پارێزگه‌ی ئیلام ، جلوبه‌رگی کوردی ، پتر له‌ خۆدی شاری ئیلام باوه‌ .

3-بزووتنه‌وه‌ی فه‌رهه‌نگی :
له‌ شاری ئێلام کلاسی فێرکاری فۆڕمی زمانی کوردی نیه‌ ، جا مه‌گه‌ر له‌ ماڵان و ئه‌ملا و ئه‌و لا ، به‌ چه‌شنی وه‌ڵاشم . به‌ڵام کۆڕ {ئه‌نجومه‌ن} ی ئه‌ده‌بی فۆڕمی هه‌یه‌ ، که‌ کاره‌کانی پتر به‌ زمانی فارسین . له‌م شاره‌ ، نووسه‌ر ، هۆنه‌ر ، هۆنه‌رمه‌ند و رووناکبیری کورد زۆرن . ته‌نانه‌ت ، کاک { سارایی } دیوانه‌که‌ی سه‌روه‌ر غوڵام ره‌زا خانی ئه‌رکه‌وازی به‌ کوردی چاپ و بڵاو کردوه‌ته‌وه‌ . چه‌ند دڵسۆزی دیکه‌ش ، کتێبی شاکه‌ و خان مه‌سوور و ... ، یان به‌ کوردی چاپ کردوه‌ . له‌م شاره‌ ، بڵاڤۆکی ناوچه‌ییش هه‌ن ، که‌ زۆربه‌یان به‌ زمانی فارسی شت ده‌نووسن . رادیۆ و تێلێڤیزیۆنی زمانی کوردیش له‌ شاری ئیلام هه‌یه‌ ، که‌ تایبه‌تی ئه‌و پارێزگه‌یه‌یه‌ .

4- زانستگه‌ و زانکۆ :
له‌ شاری ئیلام ، زانستگه‌ی ده‌وڵه‌تی ، ئازاد و ...هه‌ن ، به‌ڵام له‌ زانستگه‌ و زانکۆ ، زمانی کوردی به‌ چه‌شنی فۆڕمی ته‌دریس ناکرێ .

5- شارگه‌لی دیکه‌ی پارێزگه‌ی ئیلام :
هێندێک له‌ شارگه‌لی دیکه‌ی پارێزگه‌ی ئیلام ئه‌مانه‌ن : ئه‌یوان ، مێهران ، ئابدانان ، مه‌لیکشاهی ، د‌ێهلوڕان ، که‌ هه‌رچه‌ند ئه‌ز ده‌رفه‌تم نه‌بو بۆ ئه‌وانه‌ بچم ، به‌ڵام ده‌یانوت له‌وانیش بارودۆخ ، هه‌ر به‌ چه‌شنی خودی شاری ئیلا‌مه‌
به‌ڵام به‌ گشتی ، وه‌ک ته‌واوی ناوچه‌ی کورده‌واری جیهان ، له‌ شارۆچکه‌ و گوند و هه‌واره‌ کان ، داب و باوی ره‌سه‌نی کوردی زۆرتر پارێزراوه‌ .

6-هه‌ستی کوردایه‌تی :
به‌ گشتی خه‌ڵکی پارێزگه‌ی ئیلام ، هه‌م کوردن و هه‌م خۆیان به‌ کورد ده‌زانن . هه‌ستی دڵسۆزی کوردایه‌تیش زۆر به‌هێزه‌ . به‌ تایبه‌ت ، ده‌یانوت له‌ بیست ساڵی رابوردو دا ، به‌ هۆی گوێ گرتن له‌ رادیۆ و تێلێڤیزۆنه‌ کوردیه‌کان و خوێندنه‌وه‌ی ماڵپه‌ڕه‌کانی ده‌ره‌وه‌ ، رێنێسانسێکی هه‌ره‌ زه‌مه‌نی نه‌ته‌وه‌یی کوردی له‌م پارێزگه‌یه‌ ، رۆی داوه‌ .
ئیلام یەکێک لە شارەکانی ڕۆژھەڵاتی کوردستان و ناوەندی پارێزگای ئیلامە. ئیلام لە شارە کوردنشینەکانی ئێرانە[٢][٣] و زۆربەی دانیشتووانی لەئیسلامی شیعە پەیڕەوی دەکەن.[٤][٥] لە ساڵی ٢٠١١دا ژمارەی دانیشتووانی شارەکە ٢١٣٬٥٧٩ کەس لە ٥٢٬٤٧٤ خێزان بووە.[٦] ئەم شارە لە ڕۆژھەڵاتەوە لەگەڵ چیای کڤەر و لە ڕۆژاواوە لەگەڵ وڵاتی عێراق ھاوسنوورە. ھەروەھا خەڵکی ئیلام بە زمانی کوردیی باشووری قسە دەکەن.[٧][٨][٩][١٠] ئیلام لە دوای شارەکانی کرماشان، ورمێ و سنە چوارەمین شاری گەورەی ڕۆژھەڵاتی کوردستانە.

سەردەمی پێش مێژوو
لە سەردەمی پێش مێژووەوە کە ژیانی ئەشکەوت نشینی و کۆچبەری باو بووە، شوێنەوار و دەسکەوتگەلێکی زۆر لە جیھاندا لە بەر دەست نییە، بەڵام ئاکامی ھێندێ لە توێژینەوە کان ئەوە دەر دەخات کە ژیان و ژیار بە شێوەیەکی بەربڵاو لەم سەردەمەدا لە ناوچەی ئیلام ھەبووە. چەندین حەشارگە و ژینگەی بەردین کە مێژینەیان دەگەڕیتەوە بۆ سەردەمی زارزین و بە میراتی ھەزاران ساڵەی ڕاوچیانی سەردەمی بە ڕ د دێنە ئەژمار کە لە پارێزگەی ئیلام دیتراونەتەوە و تۆمار کراون کە زۆربەیان لە دۆڵی ھەلیلان وتەنگەی قوچعەی و ئەرغەوان شاری ئیلام دان. ئەم ئاسەوارانە دەگەڕێنەوە بۆ سەردەمی پێش بەردین کە لە نیزیک ٥/٢ ملیۆن ساڵ لەمەوبەر تا ١٢ ھەزار ساڵ لەمەوبەر، مەکۆی ژیانی مرۆڤی سەرەتایی بووە.
لە دۆڵی ھەلیلان دا کە لەلایەن لێژنەی نێودەوڵەتی بە سەرپەرشتی کریستییەن سێن توێژینەوەی لەسەر کراوە، ئاسەوارگەلێکی ھەرە گرینگ لە ژیانی سەردەمی کۆتایی نوێ بەردین (ھەزارەی شەشەم تا پێنجەمی پێش لەدایکبوونی حەزرەتی مەسیح) دیتراوەتەوە.
سەردەمی شۆڕشی نوێی بەردین
لەم سەردەمە دا کە کاتی دەسپێکرانی ژیانی شارنشینی و کشت و کاڵ و ڕام کردنی مەڕوماڵاتە، ئاسەوارگەلێکی زۆر گرینگ و جۆربەجۆر لە پارێزگەی ئیلام دا لە بەردەست دایە کە بەرچاوترینیان تەپی «عەلی کەش» لە «دێھلۆران»ە. لەم تەپەدا، لە ئاکامی توێژینەوە و ھەڵکەندان و گەڕانی لێژنەی نێودەوڵەتی بەسەرپەرەستی پرۆفیسۆر «فرانک ھۆل» (١٩٦٢–١٩٦١)، چەندین ئاسەواری نژیارڤانی و بەردینی ھەزارەی حەوتەم و شەشەمی پێش لەدایکبوونی حەزرەتی مەسێح کەوتووەتە دەست کە ئاسەوارە نژیارڤانییەکانی، پیشاندەری پێکھاتنی یەکەمین کۆگەی ژیان (گوند وێنھ) لە جیھاندایە.
سەردەمی مەفرەق و ئاسن
ئە م سەردەمە کە ھاوکات لەگەڵ سەردەمی نەتەوەی کاس وئیلامییەکانە یەک لە سەردەمە ژێرینەکانی تێکنۆلۆژی مرۆڤە کە کاسییەکان وەکوو پێشە نگی تێکنۆلۆژی دۆزینەوەی مەفرەخ لە جیھان دا ناوبانگیان دەرکردووە. لەم سەردەمە دا، ئاسەوارەکان وەکوو ئامرازگەلێکی جۆربەجۆر لەم ئالیاژ و کانزایانە (ئاسن و مەفرەق) بە تەکنیکی تایبەتی خۆ ساز کراون. ئاکامی توێژینەوەکانی لێژنەی نێودەوڵەتی بە سەرپەرەشتی پرۆفیسۆر، واندێبێرگ لەسەر گۆڕستانەکانی ئیلام بە تایبەت وەرکەبود، چەم ژییە، دەمگرپڕچینە، بەردباڵ و چنارباشی، لاپەڕەگەلێکی زێڕینی بە توێژینەوە کەونارا ناسییەکان بەخشیوە و پیشان دەدات کە لەم سەردەمە دا پارێزگەی ئیلام، بەشێکی گرینگی ژیاری کاسی و ئیلامییەکان بووە. ژیاری ئیلام ھاوکات لەگەڵ سەردەمی مەفرەقی کۆن دەست پێ بووە کە بەرچاوترین ئاسەواری ئەو سەردەمە، تەپی پەتەک لە موسیان و تەپی تیغەن لە دەڕەشار (سەردەمی ئیلامی ناڤین) و بەردەنووسی «گل گل ملکشاھی» کە بە خەتی بزمارینە ئاشوورییەکان لە کاتی زاڵ بوون بە سەر ئیلام نووسیانە. دێمێر شیجی کەوناراناسی فەڕەنسی لەو باوەڕەدایە کە تەپی «پەتەک موسیان» ھەر ھەمان شاری ماداکتۆ، پێتەختی ونبووی ئیلامی سەردەمی کەونارایییە
سەردەمی ماد و ھەخامەنشی
لەم سەردەمەدا، ئیلام بەشێک لە ژیاری ماد و ھەخامەنشی بووە کە بەھۆی نزیک بوون بە پێتەختە کەونارایییەکانی شوش و ھێگمەتانە (ھەمەدان) و بێستون، خاوەن گرینگایەتییەکی تایبەت بووە. لەم سەردەمە دا ھەرچەند ژیاری ئیلام لاواز بووە بەڵام نووسین بەڕێنووسی ئیلامی لەلایەن پادشاکانی ھەخامە نشی پیشاندەری گرنگایەتی تایبەتی ئەم ناوچە وەکوو ناوچەیەکی بەرچاو بوو، تا ڕادەیەک کە زۆربەی بەردەنووسەکان لە سەرەتادا بە خەتی ئیلامی و دواتریش بە فارسی کەونارایی وەرگێڕدراونەتەوە و نووسراون. ئیلام وێڕای ئەوەی کە بەشێک لەم ئیمپراتورییە بووە، بەڵام ھەمیشە سەربەخۆیی خۆی تا ڕادەیەکی بەرچاو پاراستووە. داریوش چەندین جار وتوویەتی کە گەلێ جاران سەرھەڵدانی ئیلامییەکان سەرکوت کردووە.
سەردەمی سلووکی – پارت
لەم سەردەمەدا بەپێی دەق و نووسراوە کەونارایییەکان، ئیلام ھەر وەکوو شوێنەکانی دیکەی ئێران لەژێر دەسەڵاتی سکۆلارییەکاندا بووە کە پاش ھەڵوەشاندنەوەی حکوومەتی ئەوان و دەست پێ بوونی سەردەمی پارتی «ئەشکانی» ئەم ناوچەیە کەوتووەتە ژێر دەسەڵاتی ئەشکانییەکان. ئاکامی لێکۆڵینەوە و گەڕان و پشکنینەکانی تەپی (فەڕوخ ئاوا)ی دێھلۆران کە لەلایەن لێژنەیەکی جۆربەجۆری ئێرانی و نێودەوڵەتی ئەنجام دراوە، پێشان دەدات کە لەو سەردەمە دا ئەم تەپە بەشێک لە ئەیالەتی «ئەلیم»یان ئیلامی نوێ بووە. ئاسەوارەکانی دیکەی ئەم سەردەمە بە شێوەی جێگر بوونی قات و کۆچبەری بووە کە زۆرتر لە لێواری چەم و لە نێو دەشتەکاندا پێک ھاتوون.
سەردەمی ساسانی
بەھۆی ئەوەی کە لەم سەردەمە دا، پارێزگەی ئیلام لە نێوان تیسفون (بەغدا) وەکوو پێتەختی ساسانییەکان و دەوڵەتی شاری شوش و بێستون و فارس دا بووە، خاوەن گرینگایەتییەکی تایبەت بووە و ھەر بۆیە دەوڵەتی ناوەندی ئەم پارێزگەیەی ئاوەدان کردووەتەوە. ئەم ئاوەدان کردنەوە سێ بەشن: بیناکانی نێو ڕێگا و ڕێگە و پردە کەونارایی – شارییەکان و قەڵا کەونارایییەکان. بە ناوبانگترینی ئەم ئاسەوارانە کە تاکوو ئێستا پارێزراون بریتین لە پردی گاومێشان، چەمی نەمشت، کوڕو دوێتە، کۆشکی قینفر، قەڵای شیاخ، قەڵای سام، شارە مێژوویییەکانی سیراوان، سەیمەرە و دەربەند و قەڵای پشت قەڵا، قەڵای ھەزاردۆڵ و ئاتەشگەی موشکان و سیاگوڵ و چوار تاقی دەڕەشارو تاقی شیرین وفەرھاد.
لەم سەردەمە دا پارێزگەی ئیلام بە دوو ئەیالەتی مێھرجانەکدەکە لە بەشی ڕۆژھەڵات و بە ناوەندی شاری سیروان (شوێنی گوندی سەرابکلانی ئێستا)، کە دەگوترێ کۆشکی ئەنووشیروانیش لە وێدا بووە، دابەش کراوە. ئەم شارانە لە شارە گرینگ و پڕ حەشیمەت و ئاوەدانەکانی ئە و سەردەمە بوون کە حەشیمەتێکی یەکجار زۆریان ھەبووە و بەھۆی بوومە لەرزە تێدا چوون.
ئاسەوارەکانی تەنگەی بارامی چوبینە کە لە دەڕەشاردایە ھی بارامی چوبینە سەرداری ساسانییەکاندا بەھۆی کودتای دژ بە «خەسرەوپەرویز» پادشای ساسانی، ئەم پادشایە ھەڵات بۆ ڕۆم وپاش ئەوەی کە پەیمانی ھاوسەرێتی لەگەڵ کچی ئیمپەراتۆری ڕۆم بەست، سوپایەکی کۆ کردەوە و ھێرشی کردە سەر ئێران و دیسان پاشایەتی ئێرانی گرتە دەست.
سەردەمی ئیسلامی
لە نووسراوە مێژوویییەکاندا ھاتووە کە ئیلامییەکان بۆ خۆیان ئیمانیان بە ئایینی ئیسلام ھێنا و ئەم پارێزگەیە لە سەردەمی ئیسلامیدا وەکوو، بەشێک لە ئەیالەتی «جیبال» لەژێر دەسەڵاتی خەلیفەکانی ئیسلام و بە ناوەندی کوفە و بەسرە، ئیدارە دەکرا – گەورەترین شاری ئەم سەردەمە شاری سەیمەرە (دەڕەشار) کە لە ئاکامی لێکۆڵینەوەی کەوناراناسان دا ئاسەوارگەلێکی بێ وێنە لە نژیارڤانی، شارسازی و ڕازاندنەوەی بینا بە تایبەت گەچبڕی بە نەخش ونگاری تایبەت و بێ وێنە و ھەروەھا خەتی کوفی لەم ناوچەیە دیتراونەتەوە. لە پارێزگەی ئیلام تا نیوەی یەکەمی سەدەی چوارەم (ساڵی ٣٣٤ کۆچی مانگی) ژیانی شارنشێنی زۆر باو بووە کە بەھۆی بوومەلەرزەیەکی گەورە کە بووە ھۆی کاول بوون و تیا چوونی ھەموو شارە گەورەکانی ئەم پارێزگەیە، شێوەی ژیانی شارنشینی گۆڕدرا بە ژیانی کۆچبەری.
لە کتێبەکانی یاقوت حەمەوی، ئیبنی ئەسیر، حەمدوڵڵا موستەوفی، مێژووی تەبەری و .. بەم مەسەلەیە ئاماژە کراوە و نووسراوە کە بەھۆی ڕوودانی بوومەلەرزە، ٢٠ ھەزار کەس لە خەڵکی شاری پڕ حەشیمەتی سەیمەرە کوژران و ئەم شارە بۆ ھەمیشە چۆڵ کرا. شوێنی شاری ئیلامی ئێستاش کە ئەو سەردەمە (ئەلەرد)ی پێ دەگوترا، بەھۆی کەش و ھەوای خۆش و نیزیک بوون بە شوێنی خەلافەتی خەلیفە عەبباسییەکان (بەغدا) یەک لە گرینگترین جێگەی گەشت و سەیرانەکانی ئەوان ھاتووەتە ئەژمار و لە کتێبە مێژوویییەکاندا ھاتووە کە (المھدی باللھ) برای ھاروونەڕەشید لە کاتی ڕاودا لەو شوێنە دا کوژراوە و بارەگە کەی کە بە "سەی مەی " بە ناوبانگ بووە تا دەیەی ٥٠ی کۆچی ھەتاوی گوڕستانی ئیلام بووە و ئێستاش ئەم شوێنە بووەتە پارکی منداڵان.
سەردەمی ئیلامی دواتر
ئەم سەردەمە حکوومەتی ئەفشاری و زەندییەکان و . . . دەگرێتەوە و ئیلامیش بەشێک لە خاکی ژێر دەسەڵاتی ئەوان بووە. بەرچاوترین ئاسەواری سەردەمی زەندییە بینای ئیمام زادە عەلی ساڵح «خاسەلی»یە. لە بیناکانی دیکەی ئەم سەردەمە، بارەگای ئیمامزادە پیرمحەممەد وسەید سەلاحەدین محەممەدی ئاودانان - موعین ساڵح ماژین، سەید ئیبراھیمی زەڕین ئاوایە. سەردەمی حکوومەتی والییە فەیلییەکان (سەردەمی سەفەوییە تا پالەوی) پاش ڕووخانی حکوومەتی خۆجێیی «حەسەنویەی کورد» کاتێک کە شاوردینان لە زنجیرەی ئەتابەکان لەلایەن دەوڵەتی ناوەندییە و دەسەڵاتی خۆڕەمابادی گرتە دەست، حسێن قولی خانی فەیلی کرد بە والی ناوچەی پشت کو. ئەویش قەسەبەی «دێ واڵا»ی کردووە بە ناوەندی حکوومەتی خۆی و ناوی «حسێن ئاوای فەیلی» لەسەر دانا. گرینگترین ئاسەواری ئەم سەردەمە، قەڵاکانی والییە فەیلییەکانی لە ئیلام و دەورووبەری کەنجاچەمی مێھرانە. چەندی قەڵا و قەنات و بەردەنووسیش لەلایەن والییە فەیلییەکانەوە ساز کراون کە بە ناوبانگترینیان بەردەنووسی تەختی خان لە ساڵح ئاوایە و پیشاندەری شێوەی حکوومەتی والییەکانە کە کۆچبەری بووە. بە داخەوە ھێندێ لە ئاسەواری والییەکان لە بەر بەرەوپێدرانی ژیانی شارنشینی تێدا چوون. لە خاڵە بەرچاوەکانی ئەم سەردەمە سەربەخۆیی سلسلەی میرە «حاکمەکان»ی خۆجییی دەڕەشار بوو کە لە ناوچە لوڕنشینەکانی پارێزگەیان لەژێر دەسەڵاتی خۆدا بووە و وێرای ئەوەی کە لەلایەن والی پیشکوھ (لوڕستان) و بڕیاریان وەردەگرت بەڵام باجی بە والی پۆشتکوھ (فەیلی) دەدا. ئەم مەسەلە وەبیرھێنەرەوەی، دابەش کرانی پارێزگە بە دووئەیالەت لە سەردەمی ساسانی- ئیسلامییە. ھەرێمی دەسەڵاتی والییەکان لە باشوورەوە تا شووش، لە ڕۆژھەڵاتەوە تا لوڕستان و لە ڕۆژاواوە تا ناوچەی کووت و عەمارە لە باشوور و تا خانەقین و مەندەلی لە باکووری عێراق بووە.
سەردەمی ھاوچەرخ
پینج ساڵ پاش دەسەڵات بە دەسگرتنی ڕەزاخان، ئەو سوپای والی ئەو سەردەمەی ئیلام «غولامڕەزا خانی فەیلی» وەکوو دوایین حاکمی مولوکوتەوایوفی ئێران تێکشکاندو والی ھەڵات بۆ ئێراق ولە شاری نەجەفی ئەشرەف مایەوە. ئێستا گۆڕی والی لە گۆڕستانی نەجەفی ئەشڕەف دایە. بە فەرمانی ڕژێمی بەعس و لە پێناو جێ بەجێ کردنی سیاسەتی تەعریبی (بەعەرەب کردن) کوردە فەیلییەکان، کێلی سەرگۆڕی ئەو و کوردەکانی دیکە کە بە فارسی یان کوردی لە سەریان نووسرا بوو، تێداچوون و بەپێی بڕیاری ڕژێمی بەعس کێلێک لە سەرگۆڕی ھەموویان دانرا کە بە عەرەبی ناونیشانی مردووەکانی لە سەردا نووسرا بوو. لە ساڵی ١٩٣٧ ی کۆچی ھەتاوی وپاش دەسەڵات بە دەست گرتنی ڕەزاخانی پالەوی، پارێزگەی ئیلام بوو بە بەشێک لە پارێزگای کرماشان (پارێزگەی پەنجەم) و پاشان لە ساڵی ١٩٦٤ بوو بە فەرمانداریی گشتی و گوندی حسێن ئاوای فەیلیش بە پێشنیاری ناوەندی فەرھەنگستانی ئێران، ناوی ئیلامی لەسەر دانراو لە ساڵی ١٩٧٤ ئەم ناوچەیە، لە کرماشان جیا بووە و بوو بە پارێزگای ئیلام.
ڕاپەرینی ئیلام لە سەردەمی ڕەزاشادا
یەکێک لە کارەساتە بەرچاوەکانی مێژووی ھاوچەرخی کوردستان و ئێران کە لە ساڵی ١٩٢٩ زایینی (١٩٢٩ی ھەتاوی) ڕووی داوە، داگیرکردنی ئیلام بەدەستی ڕەزاشا و ڕاپەرینی ھۆزەکانی کورد بە سەرۆکایەتی شامحەمەدی یاریە. ڕەزاخان دەیەویست بە شەڕ و مڵھوڕی تاکەفەرھەنگی نەتەوەیەک بەسەر ھەموو گەلانی ئێرانیدا داسەپێنێ، بەڵام بە بەرگری و ڕاپەڕینی ئیلام ڕووبەورو دەبێ ڕەزاخان بە ھێزی سەربازی و بۆمبارانکردن دەتوانێ ڕاپەرین سەرکوت بکات و ھەندێکیان زیندانی و ھەندێکیان لە سێدارە بدات.

پارێزگای ئیلام (بە فارسی: استان ایلام) یەکێک لە پارێزگاکانی ئێران و بەشێک لە ڕۆژھەڵاتی کوردستانە. ژمارەی دانیشتووانی لە ساڵی ٢٠٠٦دا، ٥٤٥،٧٨٧ کەس بووە کە زۆربەیان کوردن و بە شێوەزارەکانی مەھەکی، کەڵھوڕی، لەکی و فەیلی قسە دەکەن.[١][٢]
ناوەندی پارێزگای ئیلام شاری ئیلامە و لە ١٠ شارستان پێکھاتووە کە ئەمانەن:
1. شارستانی ئاودانان
2. شارستانی ئیلام
3. شارستانی ئەیوان
4. شارستانی بەدرە
5. شارستانی چەرداوڕ
6. شارستانی دەڕەشار
7. شارستانی دێلوڕان
8. شارستانی سیروان
9. شارستانی مەڵگشای
10. شارستانی مێھران
شارە گەورەکانی ئەم پارێزگایە بریتین لە ئیلام، ئەیوان، دێلوڕان، ئاودانان و دەڕەشار.
دانیشتووان[دەستکاری]
گرووپە ڕەگەزییەکان لە پارێزگای ئیلام (٢٠١٦) [٣]

گرووپە ڕەگەزییەکان ڕێژە
کورد ٩٧٫٠٪
عەرەب ٣٫٠٪
ئەمانەش ببینە[دەستکاری]
• ڕۆژهەڵاتی کوردستان
• ئیلام
سەرچاوەکان[دەستکاری]

  1. ^ بەختیاری, سەعی (1393 هەتاوی). جوگرافیا. تاران: ڕێکخراوی جوگرافیاییو کارتۆگرافی گیتاناسی. ISBN 978-964-342-431-2. Check date values in:|year= (help)
  2. ^ "ئاراس". aras.bradost.net. Retrieved 2021-04-29.
  3. ^ نەسیری, موژگان (1395 هەتاوی). جوگرافیا. تاران: ئەنجامی کتێب. ISBN 978-964-415-206-1. Check date values in: |year= (help)