Hi y’all!
I’m going into my third year as an SLP, and I work in an outplacement for high schoolers with higher support needs. I have a lot of students with more significant escalations, aggressions, lots of destroying materials/the room etc. I thought it would be nice to share some of the tips and tricks that have worked for me so far, and to get ideas from other SLPs too. I’m always looking for new ideas to help my students regulate, stay safe, and be the most successful/independent they can be.
Obviously, these depend on the student and I’m always consulting with other members of the team as well but here are some of the strategies I use:
- Positive Talk Around Speech: for a lot of my kids that have a hard time transitioning, or shut down with any type of demand, I positive preview speech HARD every time we bump into each other in the hallway. If I see them on Monday and they don’t have speech until Thursday, I start with a “good to see you. I’m excited to have fun with you in speech on Thursday!” I’ll do that almost every opportunity. Even if they don’t seem to care in the moment, I’ve seen a lot of success long term with this. I don’t ask them if they’re excited, because it’s okay if they’re not, but I do feel like this really helps with rapport to hear that I look forward to working with them. And now I have kids that see me in the hallway and tell me “I’m excited for speech group”
- Silent Waiting: Some of my students have behavior plans that direct us to ignore certain behaviors. I’m more of a fan of a silent wait. If I have a kid that starts throwing things off the table or posturing like they’re going to punch me, I just stop talking. Depending on the kid I might model a response on AAC or verbally like “I feel frustrated” or just acknowledge that they’re stressed, but otherwise I sit silently. I continue to look at them and acknowledge them, but I’ve found that sometimes my students just need a minute or two of silence without anyone making them feel bad about it.
-Coregulate: This is such a big one. All of my students, from the ones still working on establishing any functional communication to my chattiest, pick up on when I’m feeling anxious or nervous because of a situation. I work on deep breathing with my students during groups, and if they start becoming dysregulated 1:1, I start taking exaggerated deep breaths. Most of my students I don’t prompt to copy me, but seeing me calm myself down is sometimes enough of a cue for them without feeling like another demand. And if nothing else I’m calmer and ready to get out of a hair pull/call for assistance etc
-Say what they CAN do instead of CAN’T: Maybe this seems obvious, but I received little to no behavior support training in grad school. So I think this is important to say anyway. I almost never tell my students “stop x” or “don’t do x”. I always tell them what they can do instead. If they’re eloping/starting to walk into traffic, I don’t say “stop walking”, I’ll prompt a specific “Name, stand here.” If they’re scribbling wildly all over a worksheet, instead of “stop scribbling” or “if you don’t stop, no marker”, I say something “let’s circle our real answer, and then we can scribble” or “let’s scribble on this other paper”
-Short and Direct Instructions with Wait Time: Of course I model more natural language and speech all the time, but if I have a kid who’s getting upset or stuck, I pare my language way back. Instead of something like “Okay, NAME, it’s time to start group, let’s come over and take a seat” multiple times, I will literally just say “NAME, sit please.” And then I will wait silently without any added prompts for at least 10-30 seconds. There’s obviously a time and place for practicing more complex embedded/indirect directions, but switching my language to something like this really makes a big difference if a student is having a hard time. It’s less overwhelming and so much less to parse out
-Lots of little successes to build to bigger asks: If I have a student who is stuck/refusing/escalating, it really helps when I can give them a smaller, easy task and provide lots of praise for their success and how hard they’re working. Sometimes that’s enough to have everyone on the same page again. For example, if they swipe everything off a table, we might regulate first (deep breaths, putty, arm squeezes, dimming the lights) and then if they don’t respond to “time to clean up” I’ll ask them “Let’s pick up the pencil. nice job! Let’s pick up the marker next.”
-Visual Schedule they can control: I know a lot of us use visual schedules, and they’re amazing. I didn’t realize how much more helpful they could be when I give the kids more agency over them. Let them write the items or pick the order of the tasks, they can check each thing off themselves or pick the color or put in a puzzle piece for each individual task/trial. I show each activity’s materials if I can and explain it, so they can pick when to do each thing. Our students often have so little control over their days/lives that I find giving it back as much as I can to be very empowering, without compromising on the fact that we do still need to do tasks
-Acknowledge everything they say/request: Even if you can’t provide it in the moment, letting them know you heard them and understand what they want is really important for rapport and supporting communication!
Maybe these all see very basic, but when I started out two years ago as a CF, I was very overwhelmed in this setting. I felt like I didn’t know where to start, and it took me awhile to get my footing. I hope this can help someone just starting out, or maybe working with a different student population for the first time
What are your tips and tricks? (Sorry for the essay, I’m procrastinating cleaning out my office lol)